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Retinitis Pigmentosa

Retinitis Pigmentosa

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a genetic eye disease stemming from a group of disorders affecting retinal cells. This condition typically impairs peripheral (side) vision over time, leading to night blindness and central vision loss. Various subtypes of RP exist, but it is generally inherited. Here is a general patient information on retinitis pigmentosa:

Symptoms:

  • Night Blindness: Difficulty seeing in low light or at night.
  • Constricted Field of View: Retinal cell loss can particularly affect peripheral vision, causing a narrowed field of view.
  • Light Sensitivity: Increased sensitivity to light.

Causes:

  • Retinitis pigmentosa is usually based on a genetic foundation. An individual may be at risk due to a family history of the condition.

Diagnosis:

  • Diagnosed by an eye doctor using an eye examination and imaging tests.
  • Special tests, such as an electroretinogram (ERG), can assess the activity of retinal cells.

Treatment:

  • Unfortunately, there is no complete cure for RP.
  • However, some research is exploring future treatment options, such as gene therapy and retinal prosthesis devices.

Progression of the Disease:

  • RP is a slowly progressing disease, and symptoms can worsen over time.
  • The degree of vision loss can vary based on the type of disease and genetic factors.

Eye Health Management:

  • Optical corrections like glasses, contact lenses, or specialized vision aids can help manage specific situations.
  • Sunglasses can reduce sensitivity to light.

Lifestyle and Support:

  • Individuals living with RP can make special lighting and adjustments to create a safe environment.
  • Support groups and rehabilitation services can provide assistance in managing the condition.

RP is typically progressive but can vary significantly from person to person. While treatment options are currently limited, future research and advancements could make more effective treatments possible. If an individual suspects they have RP, it is important to consult an eye doctor and, if necessary, speak with a specialist genetic counselor.