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Retinal Artery Occlusion

Retinal Artery Occlusion

Retinal artery occlusion occurs when the artery that supplies the retina in the eye becomes blocked. This leads to a reduction in blood and oxygen supply to the retina, causing a serious eye problem. Retinal artery occlusion is an emergency that requires immediate medical intervention and can lead to permanent vision loss.

Symptoms:

  • Sudden and Severe Vision Loss: Retinal artery occlusion typically results in sudden and severe loss of vision.
  • Blurred or Dimmed Vision: Vision may become blurred or dim.
  • Sensitivity to Bright Lights: There may be increased sensitivity to bright lights.
  • Pain in the Eye or Headache: Pain may occur in the eye or head related to the retinal occlusion.
  • Change in Color Perception: Colors may appear faded or there may be changes in color perception.

Causes:

  • Hromboembolism (Clot): A clot blocking the retinal artery can cause retinal artery occlusion.
  • Atherosclerosis (Hardening of the Arteries): Plaque buildup and hardening in the retinal arteries can lead to occlusion.
  • Embolism: Emboli breaking off from the heart or other areas can cause retinal artery occlusion.
  • Giant Cell Arteritis (Temporal Arteritis): This inflammatory condition can cause inflammation in the retinal arteries.
  • Hypertension (High Blood Pressure): High blood pressure can cause damage to the retinal arteries.

Diagnosis and Treatment:

  • An eye doctor will conduct an eye examination to assess symptoms and diagnose.
  • The diagnosis of retinal artery occlusion is usually made using intraocular imaging techniques, retinal photographs, and imaging tests.
  • Treatment varies depending on the cause of the blockage. Thrombolytic drugs, anticoagulants, or other medications may be used. However, in some cases, the blockage may be irreversible, and vision loss may be permanent.

Considerations:

  • Retinal artery occlusion is an emergency and requires immediate medical help.
  • Early treatment is critical in preventing vision loss.
  • Managing risk factors, especially controlling conditions like high blood pressure and hardening of the arteries, is important.

Retinal artery occlusion is an urgent eye condition that requires immediate medical attention. Managing risk factors and getting regular eye examinations can help prevent such conditions.